Definition
1:1 support is an adult assigned to support one named child for some or all of the school day, usually a teaching assistant funded through Section F of an EHCP. Best practice (EEF guidance, 2022) is to deploy 1:1 support to deliver structured intervention rather than as constant adult proximity, with the goal of fading adult support to build independence.
In context for parents
Key checkpoints
- 1:1 support is an adult assigned to support one named child, usually funded through Section F of an EHCP.
- Best practice (EEF guidance, 2022) is to deploy 1:1 to deliver structured intervention rather than as constant adult proximity.
- Evidence (EEF; Russell-Brown et al., 2021) shows constant proximity reduces peer interaction and slows independence.
- The current model is "differentiated proximity": TA support for tasks where needed, faded out where the child can do without.
- Section F should specify intervention and fading plan, not just hours.
The full-time 1:1 TA was the default Section F provision under the old Statement era. Tribunals and EPs increasingly question whether 1:1 is the right model, because the evidence (EEF, Russell-Brown et al., 2021) is that constant adult proximity reduces peer interaction, slows the development of independence, and produces velcro-effect dependency. The current best-practice model is "differentiated proximity": TA support deployed for the specific tasks where the child needs it, faded out where the child can do without.
In a Year 4 classroom with a child holding 25 hours of 1:1 Section F provision, the question is rarely "do we have the hours?". It is "how are we using the hours?" The strongest schools timetable the TA's hours into named intervention slots (Numicon for 30 minutes daily; SaLT-supervised vocabulary 3 times a week; in-class scaffolding for written tasks in literacy and humanities; explicit fading-out time in PE, free play, and assemblies). The weakest leave the TA sitting next to the child for every lesson and call it provision.
What parents should ask:
- When is the TA delivering targeted intervention versus general in-class support?
- What fading plan exists for the next academic year?
- What is the TA's training in the child's specific need?
- What happens when the TA is absent? (Section F provision must be secured by the LA: a missing TA is the LA's problem, not the parent's.)
Where 1:1 is genuinely needed full-time (typically PMLD, complex medical or significant safety needs) Section F should specify, alongside hours, the staff training and the contingency plan. Where 1:1 is being used as a default rather than considered provision, an EP review of deployment often justifies a smarter model.
Related terms
The terms parents most often see alongside 1:1 Support.
Teaching Assistant(TA)
A member of school staff who supports teaching and learning under a teacher's direction. TAs often deliver interventions and may provide 1:1 support for a child with an EHCP.
Section F (EHCP)
The section of an EHCP that sets out the special educational provision the local authority must secure. Wording should be specific, quantified, and unambiguous (often called 'SMART').
Education, Health and Care Plan(EHCP)
A legally binding document, issued by a local authority in England, that describes a child or young person's special educational needs and the provision the LA must arrange to meet them.
Scaffolding
Temporary, targeted support (modelling, prompts, sentence stems, visuals) that is gradually faded as the child becomes independent. Distinct from over-reliance on adult help.
Where parents ask about this
Parents usually find this page before an EHCP review where the TA hours are being renegotiated, or after a year where 1:1 has not produced the expected progress. Searches include "EHCP 1:1 TA fading plan", "is 1:1 support always the right thing", and "EHCP TA Section F wording". A Beaakon EP or SENCO can audit how 1:1 is being deployed, write a Section F that specifies intervention and fading rather than constant proximity, and prepare you for the annual review conversation.
References
The primary legislation, statutory guidance, research, and clinical tools this page draws on.
- Education Endowment Foundation (2015, updated 2022): Making Best Use of Teaching Assistants
- Russell-Brown, Webster and Blatchford (2021): research on TA deployment
- Children and Families Act 2014, section 42
- SEND Code of Practice (DfE / DoH 2015)
- [L v Clarke and Somerset CC [1998]](https://www.ipsea.org.uk/l-v-clarke-and-somerset-county-council-1998-elr-129)